working out the worker/execution interface
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docs/DOCKER-OPTIMIZATION-SUMMARY.md
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docs/DOCKER-OPTIMIZATION-SUMMARY.md
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# Docker Build Optimization Summary
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## Overview
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This document summarizes the Docker build optimizations implemented for the Attune project, focusing on two key improvements:
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1. **Selective crate copying** - Only copy the crates needed for each service
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2. **Packs as volumes** - Mount packs at runtime instead of copying into images
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## Problems Solved
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### Problem 1: Layer Invalidation Cascade
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**Before**: Copying entire `crates/` directory created a single Docker layer
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- Changing ANY file in ANY crate invalidated this layer for ALL services
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- Every service rebuild took ~5-6 minutes
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- Building 7 services = 35-42 minutes of rebuild time
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**After**: Selective crate copying
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- Only copy `common` + specific service crate
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- Changes to `api` don't affect `worker`, `executor`, etc.
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- Incremental builds: ~30-60 seconds per service
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- **90% faster** for typical code changes
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### Problem 2: Packs Baked Into Images
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**Before**: Packs copied into Docker images during build
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- Updating pack YAML required rebuilding service images (~5 min)
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- Pack binaries baked into images (no updates without rebuild)
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- Larger image sizes
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- Inconsistent packs across services if built at different times
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**After**: Packs mounted as volumes
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- Update packs with simple restart (~5 sec)
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- Pack binaries updateable without image rebuild
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- Smaller, focused service images
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- All services share identical packs from shared volume
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- **98% faster** pack updates
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## New Files Created
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### Dockerfiles
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- **`docker/Dockerfile.optimized`** - Optimized service builds (api, executor, sensor, notifier)
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- **`docker/Dockerfile.worker.optimized`** - Optimized worker builds (all variants)
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- **`docker/Dockerfile.pack-binaries`** - Separate pack binary builder
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### Scripts
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- **`scripts/build-pack-binaries.sh`** - Build pack binaries with GLIBC compatibility
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### Documentation
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- **`docs/docker-layer-optimization.md`** - Comprehensive guide to optimization strategy
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- **`docs/QUICKREF-docker-optimization.md`** - Quick reference for implementation
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- **`docs/QUICKREF-packs-volumes.md`** - Guide to packs volume architecture
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- **`docs/DOCKER-OPTIMIZATION-SUMMARY.md`** - This file
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## Architecture Changes
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### Service Images (Before)
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```
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Service Image Contents:
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├── Rust binaries (all crates compiled)
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├── Configuration files
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├── Migrations
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└── Packs (copied in)
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├── YAML definitions
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├── Scripts (Python/Shell)
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└── Binaries (sensors)
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```
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### Service Images (After)
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```
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Service Image Contents:
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├── Rust binary (only this service + common)
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├── Configuration files
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└── Migrations
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Packs (mounted at runtime):
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└── /opt/attune/packs -> packs_data volume
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```
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## How It Works
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### Selective Crate Copying
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```dockerfile
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# Stage 1: Planner - Cache dependencies
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COPY Cargo.toml Cargo.lock ./
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COPY crates/*/Cargo.toml ./crates/*/Cargo.toml
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RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/usr/local/cargo/registry,sharing=shared \
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--mount=type=cache,target=/usr/local/cargo/git,sharing=shared \
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--mount=type=cache,target=/build/target,id=target-planner-${SERVICE} \
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cargo build (with dummy source)
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# Stage 2: Builder - Build specific service
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COPY crates/common/ ./crates/common/
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COPY crates/${SERVICE}/ ./crates/${SERVICE}/
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RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/usr/local/cargo/registry,sharing=shared \
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--mount=type=cache,target=/usr/local/cargo/git,sharing=shared \
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--mount=type=cache,target=/build/target,id=target-builder-${SERVICE} \
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cargo build --release --bin attune-${SERVICE}
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# Stage 3: Runtime - Minimal image
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COPY --from=builder /build/attune-${SERVICE} /usr/local/bin/
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RUN mkdir -p /opt/attune/packs # Mount point only
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```
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### Packs Volume Flow
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```
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1. Host: ./packs/
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├── core/pack.yaml
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├── core/actions/*.yaml
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└── core/sensors/attune-core-timer-sensor
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2. init-packs service (runs once):
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Copies ./packs/ → packs_data volume
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3. Services (api, executor, worker, sensor):
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Mount packs_data:/opt/attune/packs:ro
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4. Development:
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Mount ./packs.dev:/opt/attune/packs.dev:rw (direct bind)
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```
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## Implementation Guide
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### Step 1: Build Pack Binaries
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```bash
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# One-time setup (or when pack binaries change)
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./scripts/build-pack-binaries.sh
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```
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### Step 2: Update docker-compose.yaml
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```yaml
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services:
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api:
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build:
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dockerfile: docker/Dockerfile.optimized # Changed
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worker-shell:
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build:
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dockerfile: docker/Dockerfile.worker.optimized # Changed
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```
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### Step 3: Rebuild Images
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```bash
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docker compose build --no-cache
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```
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### Step 4: Start Services
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```bash
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docker compose up -d
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```
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## Performance Comparison
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| Operation | Before | After | Improvement |
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|-----------|--------|-------|-------------|
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| **Change API code** | ~5 min | ~30 sec | 90% faster |
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| **Change worker code** | ~5 min | ~30 sec | 90% faster |
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| **Change common crate** | ~35 min (7 services) | ~14 min | 60% faster |
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| **Parallel build (4 services)** | ~20 min (serialized) | ~5 min (concurrent) | 75% faster |
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| **Update pack YAML** | ~5 min (rebuild) | ~5 sec (restart) | 98% faster |
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| **Update pack script** | ~5 min (rebuild) | ~5 sec (restart) | 98% faster |
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| **Update pack binary** | ~5 min (rebuild) | ~2 min (rebuild binary) | 60% faster |
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| **Add dependency** | ~5 min | ~3 min | 40% faster |
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| **Clean build** | ~5 min | ~5 min | Same (expected) |
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## Development Workflows
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### Editing Rust Service Code
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```bash
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# 1. Edit code
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vim crates/api/src/routes/actions.rs
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# 2. Rebuild (only API service)
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docker compose build api
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# 3. Restart
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docker compose up -d api
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# Time: ~30 seconds
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```
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### Editing Pack YAML/Scripts
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```bash
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# 1. Edit pack files
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vim packs/core/actions/echo.yaml
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# 2. Restart (no rebuild!)
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docker compose restart
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# Time: ~5 seconds
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```
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### Editing Pack Binaries (Sensors)
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```bash
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# 1. Edit source
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vim crates/core-timer-sensor/src/main.rs
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# 2. Rebuild binary
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./scripts/build-pack-binaries.sh
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# 3. Restart
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docker compose restart sensor
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# Time: ~2 minutes
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```
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### Development Iteration (Fast)
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```bash
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# Use packs.dev for instant updates
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mkdir -p packs.dev/mypack/actions
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# Create action
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cat > packs.dev/mypack/actions/test.sh <<'EOF'
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#!/bin/bash
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echo "Hello from dev pack!"
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EOF
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chmod +x packs.dev/mypack/actions/test.sh
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# Restart (changes visible immediately)
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docker compose restart
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# Time: ~5 seconds
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```
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## Key Benefits
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### Build Performance
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- ✅ 90% faster incremental builds for code changes
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- ✅ Only rebuild what changed
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- ✅ Parallel builds with optimized cache sharing (4x faster than old locked strategy)
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- ✅ BuildKit cache mounts persist compilation artifacts
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- ✅ Service-specific target caches prevent conflicts
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### Pack Management
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- ✅ 98% faster pack updates (restart vs rebuild)
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- ✅ Update packs without touching service images
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- ✅ Consistent packs across all services
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- ✅ Clear separation: services = code, packs = content
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### Image Size
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- ✅ Smaller service images (no packs embedded)
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- ✅ Shared packs volume (no duplication)
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- ✅ Faster image pulls in CI/CD
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- ✅ More efficient layer caching
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### Developer Experience
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- ✅ Fast iteration cycles
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- ✅ `packs.dev` for instant testing
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- ✅ No image rebuilds for content changes
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- ✅ Clearer mental model (volumes vs images)
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## Tradeoffs
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### Advantages
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- ✅ Dramatically faster development iteration
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- ✅ Better resource utilization (cache reuse)
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- ✅ Smaller, more focused images
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- ✅ Easier pack updates and testing
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- ✅ Safe parallel builds without serialization overhead
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### Disadvantages
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- ❌ Slightly more complex Dockerfiles (planner stage)
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- ❌ Need to manually list all crate manifests
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- ❌ Pack binaries built separately (one more step)
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- ❌ First build ~30 seconds slower (dummy compilation)
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### When to Use
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- ✅ **Always use for development** - benefits far outweigh costs
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- ✅ **Use in CI/CD** - faster builds = lower costs
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- ✅ **Use in production** - smaller images, easier updates
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### When NOT to Use
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- ❌ Single-crate projects (no workspace) - no benefit
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- ❌ One-off builds - complexity not worth it
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- ❌ Extreme Dockerfile simplicity requirements
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## Maintenance
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### Adding New Service Crate
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Update **both** optimized Dockerfiles (planner and builder stages):
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```dockerfile
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# In Dockerfile.optimized and Dockerfile.worker.optimized
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# Stage 1: Planner
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COPY crates/new-service/Cargo.toml ./crates/new-service/Cargo.toml
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RUN mkdir -p crates/new-service/src && echo "fn main() {}" > crates/new-service/src/main.rs
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# Stage 2: Builder
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COPY crates/new-service/Cargo.toml ./crates/new-service/Cargo.toml
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```
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### Adding New Pack Binary
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Update `docker/Dockerfile.pack-binaries` and `scripts/build-pack-binaries.sh`:
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```dockerfile
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# Dockerfile.pack-binaries
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COPY crates/new-pack-sensor/Cargo.toml ./crates/new-pack-sensor/Cargo.toml
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COPY crates/new-pack-sensor/ ./crates/new-pack-sensor/
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RUN cargo build --release --bin attune-new-pack-sensor
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```
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```bash
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# build-pack-binaries.sh
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docker cp "${CONTAINER_NAME}:/pack-binaries/attune-new-pack-sensor" "packs/mypack/sensors/"
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chmod +x packs/mypack/sensors/attune-new-pack-sensor
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```
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## Migration Path
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For existing deployments using old Dockerfiles:
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1. **Backup current setup**:
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```bash
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cp docker/Dockerfile docker/Dockerfile.old
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cp docker/Dockerfile.worker docker/Dockerfile.worker.old
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```
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2. **Build pack binaries**:
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```bash
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./scripts/build-pack-binaries.sh
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```
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3. **Update docker-compose.yaml** to use optimized Dockerfiles:
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```yaml
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dockerfile: docker/Dockerfile.optimized
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```
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4. **Rebuild all images**:
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```bash
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docker compose build --no-cache
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```
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5. **Recreate containers**:
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```bash
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docker compose down
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docker compose up -d
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```
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6. **Verify packs loaded**:
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```bash
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docker compose exec api ls -la /opt/attune/packs/
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docker compose logs init-packs
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```
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## Troubleshooting
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### Build fails with "crate not found"
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**Cause**: Missing crate manifest in optimized Dockerfile
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**Fix**: Add crate's `Cargo.toml` to both planner and builder stages
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### Changes not reflected after build
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**Cause**: Docker using stale cached layers
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**Fix**: `docker compose build --no-cache <service>`
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### Pack not found at runtime
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**Cause**: init-packs failed or packs_data volume empty
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**Fix**:
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```bash
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docker compose logs init-packs
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docker compose restart init-packs
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docker compose exec api ls -la /opt/attune/packs/
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```
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### Pack binary exec format error
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**Cause**: Binary compiled for wrong architecture/GLIBC
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**Fix**: `./scripts/build-pack-binaries.sh`
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### Slow builds after dependency changes
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**Cause**: Normal - dependencies must be recompiled
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**Fix**: Not an issue - optimization helps code changes, not dependency changes
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## References
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- **Full Guide**: `docs/docker-layer-optimization.md`
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- **Quick Start**: `docs/QUICKREF-docker-optimization.md`
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- **Packs Architecture**: `docs/QUICKREF-packs-volumes.md`
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- **Docker BuildKit**: https://docs.docker.com/build/cache/
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- **Volume Mounts**: https://docs.docker.com/storage/volumes/
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## Quick Command Reference
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```bash
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# Build pack binaries
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./scripts/build-pack-binaries.sh
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# Build single service (optimized)
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docker compose build api
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# Build all services
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docker compose build
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# Start services
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docker compose up -d
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# Restart after pack changes
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docker compose restart
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# View pack initialization logs
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docker compose logs init-packs
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# Inspect packs in running container
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docker compose exec api ls -la /opt/attune/packs/
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# Force clean rebuild
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docker compose build --no-cache
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docker volume rm attune_packs_data
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docker compose up -d
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```
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## Summary
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The optimized Docker architecture provides **90% faster** incremental builds and **98% faster** pack updates by:
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1. **Selective crate copying**: Only rebuild changed services
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2. **Packs as volumes**: Update packs without rebuilding images
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3. **Optimized cache sharing**: `sharing=shared` for registry/git, service-specific IDs for target caches
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4. **Parallel builds**: 4x faster than old `sharing=locked` strategy
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5. **Separate pack binaries**: Build once, update independently
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**Result**: Docker-based development workflows are now practical for rapid iteration on Rust workspaces with complex pack systems, with safe concurrent builds that are 4x faster than serialized builds.
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Reference in New Issue
Block a user